The PSA Test - How Does It Work

The purpose of this article is to remove some ofcancer.
the mystery surrounding the PSA test and its useThe Federal Drug Administration approved the
in signaling the potential presence of prostatePSA test to be used with a rectal exam to check
cancer.for any abnormalities in the prostate. The doctor
The cells of the prostate gland producewill insert a gloved finger into the rectum to check
prostate-specific antigen. A rectal exam and afor lumps or areas that seem abnormal. The PSA
PSA (prostate-specific antigen) test will helptest is used with this rectal exam to detect
detect prostate cancer in men age 50 or over.cancer in men, especially those who have no
The Federal Drug Administration approved thesymptoms. The FDA also approved the test for
use of the PSA test to detect prostate cancerpatients who have had prostate cancer to see if
and to see if the cancer has recurred. A high PSAthe cancer has come back.
level is a sign that cancer is present. There areThe PSA test is highly recommended for men
other reasons for a high PSA level and PSAover the age of 50. If the patient has a high risk
screening has some limits.factor for prostate cancer, the doctor may
The PSA test measures the level of proteinrecommend PSA testing to start at age 45.
produced by the prostate gland. The doctor willThere are some risk factors a man should look at
take a blood sample and send it to a laboratory.if a doctor recommends routine screening. Age is
This test is sometimes called a biological markerthe most common risk factor, but if there is a
for cancer tumors. Men normally have low levelsfamily history of prostate cancer you have a
of PSA in their blood. If the rate is high, it couldgreater chance of having it too. African-American
point to prostate cancer but it can mean therehas the largest risk of contacting prostate cancer.
are other non-cancer conditions present in theNative American and Asian men have the lowest
prostate. As men get older, prostate cancer andrates of this disease. Some think this might be
other prostate problems become more of abecause a diet that is high in animal fat may
problem. Enlarged prostate and prostatitis mayincrease the chance of getting prostate cancer.
raise the PSA levels in the blood. Neither of theseIf a man shows a high PSA level in his blood the
problems causes cancer but it is possible for adoctor may look for other causes before doing
man with one of these problems to developmore screening for prostate cancer. If the
prostate cancer.patients have no other symptoms, you may be
The PSA level will not tell the doctor if the patientadvised to watch for any changes in urination
has a benign prostate problem or cancer. Thehabits and take another PSA test in a few
doctor will use the PSA test to decide if theremonths.
should be a check for other signs of prostate