The Great Wildlife Migration

All the twists, tragedies and drama of the GreatThe routes taken by the herds vary from year
Wildebeest, Zebra and Gazelle migration taketo year but the general pattern of the migration
place in the pristine 1510 sq km expanse that isremains the same. On reaching the woodlands,
the Maasai Mara in Kenya. Tragedy because somethe herds spread out but continue moving in
of the hundreds of thousands of herbivoresresponse to rainfall and the availability of foliage.
migrating inevitably fall prey to a number ofThe first of the wildebeest usually turn up in the
predators that ambush and track them as theyMara in June or July and most stay therein until
trek and gallop on the scenic landscape of thelate October or early November. The herds
Mara. The Maasai Mara and adjacent Loita Plainsattract ravenous pack of predators, particularly
make up the northern most portion of thehyenas and lions, and thousands of the lame, slack
extensive 25,000km Serengeti-Mara ecosystem.and sick never finish the pilgrimage. Some breathe
Rainfall in the Maasai Mara falls almost all yeartheir last by drowning or by the powerful jaws of
round and consequently the Mara receives thethe crocodiles that lay about calmly but burst into
highest rainfall in the entire Serengeti-Maraaction once the animals plunge into the chocolate
ecosystem. Rainfall peaks usually in December,Mara and Talek Rivers, a barrier that they must
January and April and so lush grasses remain aftercross to get to the pasture.
the Serengeti plains down South have dried up.Once the Mara's grass has been devoured and
The Masai Mara is located about 270 km fromrains in Tanzania's Serengeti have brought forth
Nairobi and takes about 5 hours to reach by road.juicy tufts of grass, the wildebeest leave the
For a 45 minute foray to the Mara, flights can beMara following various routes, slowly at first then
taken twice daily from Wilson Airport Nairobi.with increased momentum. The cycle repeats
The large eco-system sustains, among otheritself from start every other year.
animals, a wildebeest population of at leastThe 'resident' Wildebeest found in the Loita plains
600,000, more than 200,000 zebra and at leastadjoining the Mara, make seasonal movements
350,000 Thomson gazelle. These three species ofbetween the Loita plains in the wet season and
herbivores form the large grouping that makesthe Mara in the dry months.
annual movements through the ecosystem fromThe Maasai Mara is the dry season refuge for
the Serengeti plains in Tanzania to the Maasaiclose to 1,000,000 animals.
Mara in Kenya in search of fresh grass. ThisBeing on safari and driving in the wilderness in the
spectacular movement is what is referred to asmidst of these great herds is an unimaginable
"The Migration." The spectacle of hundreds ofexperience. A once in a lifetime experience.
thousands of these animals moving togetherIn July, August and September, the Mara
through the sea of grass must rank as thegrasslands are teeming with migrating Wildebeest
greatest wildlife display on earth.and Zebra but there is much resident wildlife in
Wildebeest herds usually assemble in the grassthe Maasai Mara all year round. Elephants,
plains of Serengeti during the wettest season ofCheetahs, Impala, the nocturnal Bat-Eared Fox,
the year when there is sweet new grass andthe Roan Antelope, Thomson's and Grant's gazelle,
small pools of water formed by the rain. ThereTopi, Zebra, Giraffes, Coke's Hartebeest, Hyena,
most of the females give birth and calve , allCheetah, Lions, Leopards, Rhino, Buffalo, Wild dog,
within a few weeks, in what has come to beJackal, Hippo, Kongoni, Eland, Monkeys and Ostrich
known world over as "The Rut". As nature wouldcan be viewed all year round in the Mara. Over
have it, the grass and rainwater pools dry up450 species of birds including 50 species of birds
early in the dry season and the wildebeest moveof prey have been recorded in the Mara. They
en bloc through the savannah and towards theinclude Vulture, Widow bird, Secretary bird,
Western frontier. Within the enormity of theCrowned Crane, Red-billed Ox Pecker, Ostrich,
Serengeti, the wildebeest lift their goateed heads,long-crested Eagle, Pygmy falcon, Scale francolin,
sniff the air around and, as if by one accord, beginhornbill, African goshawk, Fiscal hike,
the long but rewarding trek towards the KenyanYellow-throated long claw, Marabou, White-backed
border. As the pastures diminish, the herds shiftvulture, and Prowl plovers.
into the northern Serengeti woodlands and thenThis combination of a mild climate, picturesque
pour into the Maasai Mara.magnificence and untold numbers of wildlife makes
Zebras follow a slightly related, but not quitethe Masai Mara in Kenya's a most popular inland
similar movement. Thomson's gazelle also migrate,destination.
but only as far as the edge of the woodlands.