African Migration of Wildebeest in Masaai Mara and Serengeti, Kenya and Tanzania

The amazing east African annual Great Migrationforgotten experience.
of wildebeest and other herbivores across theThe calving season falls in late January through
Serengeti-Mara ecosystem is one of themid March one of the nature wonders as they
magnificent spectacles on earth. The wildebeestmother wildebeest gives birth and in a few hours
(plural wildebeest, wildebeests or wildebai), alsomother and baby wildebeest join the convoy of
called the gnu is an antelope of the genusmigrating animals and troop on in this African
Connochaetes. Wildebeest is an Afrikaans wordwilderness. in a short span of time 4 to 6 weeks
meaning "wild beast''. There are two species ofhundred thousands of calves are born and this is
Connochaetes, both inhabitants to Africa the Blackwhere the rules of the jungle rein supreme as
Wildebeest, or white-tailed gnu and the Bluepredator swing in action. The wildebesste herds
Wildebeest, or brindled gnu. It is a hoofedconcentrate on the Ndutu and Salei plains in
(ungulate) mammal. Gnus belong to the familySouthern Serengeti and Ngorongoro Conservation
Bovidae, which includes antelopes, cattle, goats,Area (NCA) attracting the predators like lion,
and other even-toed horned ungulates. Wildebeestcheetah and hyena.
at a mature age grows to 3 ft 9 in-4 ft 7 inThe Migration does not work like the 24 hrs
(1.15-1.4 metres) at the shoulder height and weighclocks remember climate changes caused by
330-550 pounds (150-250 kilograms). They live inhuman activities leading to erratic rainfall seasons.
the plains and open woodlands of Africa, theThe migration cycle is driven entirely by availability
Masai Mara Game Reserve in Kenya and theor unavailability water and grazing pastures caused
neighbouring Serengeti National Park in Tanzania.local weather patterns
The Wildebeest can live more than 20 years.In southern Serengeti in Ndutu, Gol, and Southern
Wildebeest are well known for their annualLoliondo wildebeest are grazing on the short grass
migration in search of new pastures. If there areplains but due to the depleting resources i.e. Water
no new pastures the wildebeest will starve toand pastures can not support through out the
death or worse still die of thirst. Therefore theyear they have to move on. The Migration will
sojourner must move or perish. Like anymove off in look for of green grass in response
travellers in foreigner land there are challenges.to changes in weather as dry period sets in they
The wildebeest must be in optimum health notmigrate. The east Africa region enjoys two rainy
just absence of disease but it must be fit for theseasons the short rains and the long rains, the
trek. This most featured event, which vastrainy season may come early or be delayed at
numbers of wildebeest are seen crossingthe same time the duration of the rainy seasons
dangerous rivers infested by predators and dyingwill vary year to year.
in large numbers as they attempt to get to theThe Migration does not continuously move
other side are eaten by crocodiles. Here it isforward in a straight line like soldiers in a parade
survival for the fittest!following commands. Wildebeeste move in
It has been commonly assumed that this is simplydifferent directions at times back tracking some
a wild excitement crazy or an agitation and thatbeing left behind behaving as if they cannot make
the wildebeest cross blindly, recent research hasup their mind to go forward, side ways some
shown that the herd to possess what is knownmoving in large crowd as if they are competing
as a "swarm intelligence", whereby the wildebeestfor space. It is difficulty to say with certainty
methodically explore and overcome the obstaclewhere they will be the best one can do is to
as one.suggest likely timings, based on past experience -
During this time of the year DECEMBER,but you can never guarantee the location of
JANUARY, FEBRUARY, MARCH the Wildebeestwildebeest Migration with certainty.
are to be found in the Serengeti National Park /On the beginning of the short rains it is expected
Ngorongoro Conservation Area. Perhaps this is thethat they will be around Ndutu and its environs
most amazing wildlife sanctuary in the world. Inand from December through to April. Depending
the months of December through March theon local rainfall they might be anywhere in
renowned vast open savannah grasslands of theNgorongoro conservation area..
southern Serengeti and the Conservation AreaThe rains stops in May and herds of wildebeest
hosts huge herds of wildebeest and zebra.gradually move from the south and east as the
Mother Nature takes care of the timing and thearea dry out moving to the north and west to
location of the migration safari. I would if it wouldabundant grass and more reliable water sources.
appropriate to describe the annual wildebeestThe wildebeest and zebra will follow different
migration as the annual wildebeest Safari. Thisroutes one part of the migration will head to the
brings to mind on the former East Africa safariwestern corridor and the Grumeti River before
Rally and the anxiety the east Africans would lookproceeding north while a significant number go
forward for the rains to make the safari morethrough Loliondo, or through Seronera and Lobo.
exciting.During a dry year, wildebeest can be near the
More than 35 species of plain game, includingMara River a permanent source of water in the
wildebeest and zebra, as well as an extensiveMara Serengeti ecosystem in early July; in a wet
variety of birdlife inhibit this park reaching up toyear - mid August. When there is plenty of rain
the sister game reserve the Masai Mara in Kenya.spread through out the year and there is plenty
The thundering hooves of hundreds of thousandsof grass and water; the herds will be spread out
of wildebeest and zebra at the height of theall the way from Seronera to the Mara River.
annual great migration create a never to be